ABSTRACT
Testicular torsion is a disorder involving the scrotum that results in a compromise of its blood supply. The aim was to investigate the effect of Pausinystallia macroceras (PM) on testicular histology following torsion-detortion at different time intervals ranging from 1 to 4 hours 65 mature male Wister rats allotted randomly into seven groups (A to G; E& F further divided into 4-subgroups). Each group/subgroup comprised 5 rats. Testis maintained in the torted position (T) for 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours in Groups A (AT1+PM), B (BT2+PM), C (CT3+PM) and D (DT4+PM). Group E subgroups (E1+PM, E2+PM, E3+PM, E4+PM -) were sham operated, without torsion served as the sham control. Group F subgroups (F1T1, F2T2, F3T3 and F4T4) were torted as in A. All animals (except groups F & G) treated with PM extract (0.1 g/kg.b.w/day) for 56 days. Group G rats (normal control). Testes processed for histological studies. In AT1+PM showed preserved seminiferous tubules. BT2+PM, revealed varying number of necrosed and apoptotic seminiferous tubules. Group CT3+PM rats were similar to BT2+PM although with a slightly higher proportion of seminiferous tubules had undergone necrosis. In DT4+PM, sections showed few viable spermatozoa within the seminiferous tubules. When compared to the torted group F; showed extensive areas of seminiferous tubular necrosis (F3T3) as well as damage to the interstitium; while in F4T4 there were no viable testicular tissues seen. In conclusion, PM significantly prevented the cellular changes and cell death observed especially in group AT1+PM and BT2+PM.
La torsión testicular es un trastorno que involucra el escroto resultando en un compromiso del suministro sanguíneo. El objetivo fue investigar el efecto de Pausinystallia macroceras (PM) en la histología testicular tras torsión-detorsión a intervalos de tiempo diferentes que van desde 1 a 4 horas en 65 ratas macho Wistar maduras, asignando aleatoriamente en siete grupos (desde A a G, mientras que E y F se dividieron en 4 subgrupos). Cada grupo/subgrupo estuvo compuesto por 5 ratas. Los testículos se mantuvieron en posición torsionada (T) durante 1, 2, 3 y 4 horas en los grupos A (AT1 + PM), B (BT2 + PM), C (CT3 + PM) y D (DT4 + PM). El grupo E, subgrupos (E1 + PM, E2 + PM + PM E3, E4 + PM) fueron operados por modelo sham sin torsión, que sirvió de control. El grupo F, subgrupos (F1T1, F2T2, F3T3 y F4T4) fueron torsionados como en A. Todos los animales (excepto los grupos F y G) fueron tratados con extracto de AM (0,1 g/kg peso corporal/día) durante 56 días. El grupo G fueron ratas control (control normal). Los testículos fueron procesados para el estudio histológico. En AT1 + PM se observó preservación de los túbulos seminíferos. BT2 + PM, reveló un número variable de túbulos seminíferos con necrosis y apoptosis. El grupo de ratas CT3 + PM fue similar a BT2 + PM, aunque un porcentaje ligeramente superior de los túbulos seminíferos mostraron necrosis. En DT4 + PM, los cortes mostraron pocos espermatozoides viables dentro de los túbulos seminíferos. En comparación con el grupo F torsionado mostró extensas áreas de necrosis tubular (F3T3), así como daños en el intersticio; mientras que en F4T4 no hubo tejido testicular viable. En conclusión, PM previno significativamente cambios celulares y la muerte celular observada, especialmente en el grupo AT1 + PM y BT2 + PM.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Rats , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Pausinystalia/chemistry , Spermatic Cord Torsion/pathology , Spermatic Cord Torsion/drug therapy , Palliative Care , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury , Time Factors , Testis , Testis/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective: An important mediator of testicular injury is oxidative stress; the implicating pathway has been pointed at a free radical mechanism by researchers. This article, investigates the effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) (MC) seed extract and antioxidant supplementation in the testes of Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rat. Methodology: Ninety male S-D rats, weighing between 110- 214 g, were assigned randomly into six main Groups A to F. Group A was administered 50 mg/100 g of MC extract orally, between 6 to 16 weeks. Group B were pre-treated with ascorbic acid (AA) 0.01mg/kg, three days/week, α-tocopherol (AT) 20 mg/kg, five days/week and both test solutions (TS) i.e. AA and AT; 0.01 and 20 mg/kg, three and five days/week for 8 weeks. This was followed by administration of the extract at dose and duration as in A. Group C received the extract for 8 weeks and afterwards post-treated for another 8 weeks with AA, AT and both TS (as above). Group D in addition to the extract administration were treated with AA, AT and both TS in dose and duration similar to B above. Group E had AA, AT and both TS alone for 8 weeks. Group F served as the control subjects. The animals testicular tissues were processed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and AA concentrations. Serum testosterone (TT) assay was done from left ventricular blood. Results: The extract administered for 6, 8 and 16 weeks produced significantly (p < 0.05) increased testicular MDA (1.74 ± 1.15, 1.84 ± 0.38 and 2.38 ± 0.40) compared to control (0.38 ± 0.02, 0.38 ± 0.03 and 0.35 ± 0.02) and decreased AA (0.01± 0.02, 0.01± 0.01 and 0.00± 0.01) compared to control (0.15 ± 0.02, 0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.13 ± 0.02). There was also an associated significant decrease (p < 0.05) in peripheral TT levels compared to control. The extract produced responses that showed no prophylactic rather modulatory effect with TS. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the extract resulted in changes in the testicular oxidative status. This may play a role in testicular dysfunction that may compromise fertility.